Ta có : \(P=2x^2-8x+1=2\left(x^2-4x\right)+1=2\left(x^2-4x+4-4\right)+1=2\left(x-2\right)^2-7\)

Vì \(2\left(x-2\right)^2\ge0\forall x\) 

Nên : \(P=2\left(x-2\right)^2-7\ge-7\forall x\in R\)

Vậy \(P_{min}=-7\) khi x = 2

A=\(\frac{2\left(x^2-8x+22\right)-1}{x^2-8x+22}\)=2-\(\frac{1}{x^2-8x+22}\)

ĐỂ A CÓ GTNH THÌ \(\frac{1}{x^2-8x+22}\)LỚN NHẤt    thì x²-8x+22 nhỏ nhất

SUY RA X²-8X+22=x²-8x+16+6=(x-4)²+6>=6(do (x-4)²>=0)

GTNN CỦA x²-8x+22 là 6 khi và chỉ khi (x-4)²=0\(\Leftrightarrow\)x=4

vậy GTNN CỦA A=2-\(\frac{1}{6}\)=\(\frac{11}{6}\)TẠI X=4

B=1-\(\frac{4}{x}\)+\(\frac{1}{x^2}\)

Dặt \(\frac{1}{x}\)=t         ta có 

B=1-4t+t²=t²-4t+4-3=(t-2)²-3>=-3       dấu bằng xảy ra khi và chỉ khi (t-2)²=0\(\Leftrightarrow\)t=2

                                                                                                                            \(\Leftrightarrow\)\(\frac{1}{x}\)=2

                                                                                                                             \(\Leftrightarrow\)=\(\frac{1}{2}\)

vậy GTNN là -3 tại x=1/2

2,a, GTNN      A=\(\frac{x^2-12x+36-x^2-9}{x^2+9}\)=\(\frac{\left(x-6\right)^2-\left(x^2+9\right)}{x^2+9}\)=\(\frac{\left(x-6\right)^2}{x^2+9}\)-1

          do \(\frac{\left(x-6\right)^2}{x^2+9}\)\(\ge\)0 với mọi x \(\Rightarrow\)\(\frac{\left(x-6\right)^2}{x^2+9}\)-1\(\ge\)-1

dấu = xảy ra khi và chỉ khi (x-6)²\(\Leftrightarrow\)x=6

vậy GTNN của A=-1 tại x=6

B,GTNN          B=\(\frac{4\left(x^2+2x+1\right)-4x^2-1}{4x^2+1}\)=\(\frac{4\left(x+1\right)^2}{4x^2+1}\)-1

DO \(\frac{4\left(x+1\right)^2}{4x^2+1}\)\(\ge\)0\(\Rightarrow\)\(\frac{4\left(x+1\right)^2}{4x^2+1}\)-1\(\ge\)-1

dấu =xảy ra khi và chỉ khi 4(x+1)²=0

                                         \(\Leftrightarrow\)x=-1

vạy GTNN của B=-1 tại x=-1

C, GTLN           C=\(\frac{-\left(x^2-2x+1\right)+x^2+2}{x^2+2}\)=2-\(\frac{\left(x-1\right)^2}{x^2+2}\)

DO \(\frac{\left(x-1\right)^2}{x^2+2}\)\(\ge\)0\(\Rightarrow\)    2-  \(\frac{\left(x-1\right)^2}{x^2+2}\)\(\le\)2

dấu = xảy ra khi và chỉ khi (x-1)²=0\(\Leftrightarrow\)x=1

Vậy GTLN của c=2 tại x=1

Bài làm:

Bài 1:

Ta có: \(T=8x^2-4x+\frac{1}{4x^2}+15\)

\(=\left(4x^2-4x+1\right)+\left(4x^2+\frac{1}{4x^2}\right)+14\)

\(=\left(2x-1\right)^2+\left(4x^2+\frac{1}{4x^2}\right)+14\)\(\ge0+2\sqrt{4x^2.\frac{1}{4x^2}}+14=2+14=16\)

Dấu "=" xảy ra khi: \(\hept{\begin{cases}\left(2x-1\right)^2=0\\4x^2=\frac{1}{4x^2}\end{cases}\Rightarrow x=\frac{1}{2}}\)

Vậy \(Min\left(T\right)=16\)khi \(x=\frac{1}{2}\)

Bài 2:

Ta có: \(ab+bc+ca=3abc\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{ab+bc+ca}{abc}=3\Leftrightarrow\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}=3\left(1\right)\)

Ta xét \(\frac{a^2}{c\left(c^2+a^2\right)}=\frac{\left(c^2+a^2\right)-c^2}{c\left(c^2+a^2\right)}=\frac{1}{c}-\frac{c}{c^2+a^2}=\frac{1}{c}-\frac{1}{a}.\frac{ac}{c^2+a^2}\ge\frac{1}{c}-\frac{1}{a}.\frac{ac}{2ac}=\frac{1}{c}-\frac{1}{2}a\)

Tương tự ta chứng minh được: \(\frac{b^2}{a\left(a^2+b^2\right)}\ge\frac{1}{a}-\frac{1}{2}b\)và \(\frac{c^2}{b\left(b^2+c^2\right)}\ge\frac{1}{b}-\frac{1}{2}c\)

Cộng vế 3 bất đẳng thức trên lại ta được:

\(P\ge\frac{1}{c}-\frac{1}{2}a+\frac{1}{a}-\frac{1}{2}b+\frac{1}{b}-\frac{1}{2}c\)\(=\left(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}\right)-\frac{1}{2}\left(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}\right)\)

\(=\frac{1}{2}\left(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}\right)=\frac{1}{2}.3=\frac{3}{2}\left(theo\left(1\right)\right)\)

Dấu "=" xảy ra khi: \(\hept{\begin{cases}a^2=b^2\\b^2=c^2\\c^2=a^2\end{cases}\Rightarrow a=b=c=1}\)

Vậy \(Min\left(P\right)=\frac{3}{2}\)khi \(a=b=c=1\)

Học tốt!!!!

 

a) \(A=2x^2+2x+3\)

\(A=2\left(x^2+x+\frac{3}{2}\right)\)

\(A=2\left[x^2+2\cdot x\cdot\frac{1}{2}+\left(\frac{1}{2}\right)^2+\frac{5}{4}\right]\)

\(A=2\left[\left(x+\frac{1}{2}\right)^2+\frac{5}{4}\right]\)

\(A=2\left(x+\frac{1}{2}\right)^2+\frac{5}{2}\ge\frac{5}{2}\)

Dấu "=" xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow x+\frac{1}{2}=0\Leftrightarrow x=\frac{-1}{2}\)

b) Biến đổi mẫu thức :

\(3x^2+4x+15\)

\(=3\left(x^2+\frac{4}{3}x+5\right)\)

\(=3\left[x^2+2\cdot x\cdot\frac{2}{3}+\left(\frac{2}{3}\right)^2+\frac{41}{9}\right]\)

\(=3\left[\left(x+\frac{2}{3}\right)^2+\frac{41}{9}\right]\)

\(=3\left(x+\frac{2}{3}\right)^2+\frac{41}{3}\)

\(B=\frac{5}{3\left(x+\frac{2}{3}\right)^2+\frac{41}{3}}\ge\frac{5}{\frac{41}{3}}=\frac{15}{41}\)

Dấu "=" xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow x+\frac{2}{3}=0\Leftrightarrow x=\frac{-2}{3}\)

c) \(C=-x^2+2x-2\)

\(C=-\left(x^2-2x+2\right)\)

\(C=-\left(x^2-2\cdot x\cdot1+1^2+1\right)\)

\(C=-\left[\left(x-1\right)^2+1\right]\)

\(C=-1-\left(x-1\right)^2\le-1\)

Dấu "=" xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow x-1=0\Leftrightarrow x=1\)

d) Biến đổi mẫu thức tương tự câu b)

\(P=\frac{xy}{\left|xy\right|}+\frac{x-y}{\left|x-y\right|}\cdot\left(\frac{x}{\left|x\right|}-\frac{y}{\left|y\right|}\right)\)

TH1: \(x,y>0\)

+) Xét \(x>y\): \(P=\frac{xy}{xy}+\frac{x-y}{x-y}\cdot\left(\frac{x}{x}-\frac{y}{y}\right)=1+1\cdot\left(1-1\right)=1\)

+) Xét \(x< y\): \(P=\frac{xy}{xy}+\frac{x-y}{y-x}\cdot\left(\frac{x}{x}-\frac{y}{y}\right)=1+\left(-1\right)\cdot\left(1-1\right)=1\)

TH2: \(x,y< 0\)

+) Xét \(x>y\): \(P=\frac{xy}{xy}+\frac{x-y}{x-y}\cdot\left(\frac{x}{-x}-\frac{y}{-y}\right)=1+1\cdot\left[-1-\left(-1\right)\right]=1\)

+) Xét \(x< y\): \(P=\frac{xy}{xy}+\frac{x-y}{y-x}\cdot\left(\frac{x}{-x}-\frac{y}{-y}\right)=1\)

TH3: \(x>0;y< 0\): \(P=\frac{xy}{-xy}+\frac{x-y}{x-y}\cdot\left(\frac{x}{x}-\frac{y}{-y}\right)=-1+1\cdot\left(1+1\right)=1\)

TH4: \(x< 0;y>0\): \(P=\frac{xy}{-xy}+\frac{x-y}{y-x}\cdot\left(\frac{x}{-x}-\frac{y}{y}\right)=-1+\left(-1\right)\cdot\left(-1-1\right)=1\)

Nói chung với mọi x, y thì P = 1

C = x² - 4x + 16
   = (x² - 4x + 4) + 12
   = (x - 2)² + 12

Vậy C_min = 12 (vì \(\left(x-2\right)^2\ge0\Leftrightarrow\left(x-2\right)^2+12\ge12\))

Còn D mình không biết cách làm

Thôi em làm luôn nha:)

\(D=\left(x^2-2.x.3y+9y^2\right)+4\left(x-3y\right)+4+x^2-2.x.6+36+1978\)

\(=\left(x-3y\right)^2+2\left(x-3y\right).2+2^2+\left(x-6\right)^2+1978\)

\(=\left(x-3y+2\right)^2+\left(x-6\right)^2+1978\ge1978\)

Đẳng thức xảy ra x =6, y = 8/3

b/ \(3-100x+8x^2=8x^2+x-300\)

\(\Leftrightarrow-101x=-303\)

\(\Rightarrow x=3\)

c/ \(5\left(5x+2\right)-10\left(8x-1\right)=6\left(4x+2\right)-150\)

\(\Leftrightarrow25x+10-80x+10=24x+12-150\)

\(\Leftrightarrow-79x=-158\)

\(\Rightarrow x=2\)

d/ \(3\left(3x+2\right)-\left(3x+1\right)=12x+10\)

\(\Leftrightarrow9x+6-3x-1=12x+10\)

\(\Leftrightarrow-6x=5\)

\(\Rightarrow x=-\frac{5}{6}\)

e/ \(30x-6\left(2x-5\right)+5\left(x+8\right)=210+10\left(x-1\right)\)

\(\Leftrightarrow30x-12x+30+5x+40=210+10x-10\)

\(\Leftrightarrow13x=130\)

\(\Rightarrow x=10\)

\(A=x^2-4x+1=\left(x-2\right)^2-3\ge-3\)

\(\Rightarrow A_{min}=-3\) khi \(x=2\)

\(B=4x^2+4x+11=\left(2x+1\right)^2+10\ge10\)

\(\Rightarrow B_{min}=10\) khi \(x=-\frac{1}{2}\)

\(C=\left(x-1\right)\left(x+6\right)\left(x+2\right)\left(x+3\right)=\left(x^2+5x-6\right)\left(x^2+5x+6\right)\)

\(=\left(x^2+5x\right)^2-36\ge-36\)

\(\Rightarrow C_{min}=-36\) khi \(\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=0\\x=-5\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(D=-x^2-8x-16+21=21-\left(x+4\right)^2\le21\)

\(\Rightarrow C_{max}=21\) khi \(x=-4\)

\(E=-x^2+4x-4+5=5-\left(x-2\right)^2\le5\)

\(\Rightarrow E_{max}=5\) khi \(x=2\)

<=> \(\frac{7}{8x}+\frac{5-x}{4x\left(x-2\right)}=\frac{x-1}{2x\left(x-2\right)}+\frac{1}{8\left(x-2\right)}\)(DK: x khác 0 và 2)

<=>\(\frac{7x\left(x-2\right)}{8x\left(x-2\right)}+\frac{10-2x}{8x\left(x-2\right)}=\frac{4x-4}{8x\left(x-2\right)}=\frac{x}{8x\left(x-2\right)}\)

<=>\(7x^2-14x+10-2x=4x-4+x\)

<=>\(7x^2-14x-2x-4x-x=-4-10\)

<=>\(7x^2-21x+14=0\)

<=>\(7\left(x^2-3x+2\right)=0\)

<=>\(x^2-3x+2=0\)

<=>\(x^2-x-2x+2=0\)

<=>\(x\left(x-1\right)-2\left(x-1\right)=0\)

<=>\(\left(x-1\right)\left(x-2\right)=0\)

<=>\(\orbr{\begin{cases}x-1=0\\x-2=0\end{cases}}\Leftrightarrow\orbr{\begin{cases}x=1\left(TMDK\right)\\x=2\left(KTMDK\right)\end{cases}}\)

Vậy: x=1